In this short tutorial, we will learn how to install Podman on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS oeprating system.
Introduction
Podman (POD Manager) is a tool to manage OCI containers and pods. It is an open-source project which can be used in most Linux distributions that use daemonless container engine. Podman and Docker use two different architectures. Docker depends on daemon for all its functionality where Podman directly interacts using runC. Podman has more functionalities in the Kubernetes environment. Commands are very similar to Docker and can work on root and rootless mode. Much different from other container runtime podman has the ability to deploy pods.
In this article, we are going to explain how to install Podman on Ubuntu 20.04 and learn its basic usage to manage images and containers.
Podman Installation On Ubuntu 20.04 Linux Operating System
Podman Installation in this tutorial will be consist of several as steps as shown below :
- Update Ubuntu Repository
- Add the Podman repository
- Install Podman On Ubuntu 20.04
- Verify the Podman Installation
The details of installation will be detail discussed below.
1. Update Ubuntu Repository
In this stage we will update our Ubuntu repository, by updating repository we will not only install the latest available security updates but also rebuild the repository cache. For this purpose we will submit the command line :
$ sudo apt update
2. Add Podman Repository
Since podman is not available on default Ubuntu 20.04 repository, we need to add the podman repository manually. But for Ubuntu 20.10 or newer the Podman has been included as standard repository. We will ddd Kubic project repository to our Ubuntu 20.04, we will do following command line :
sudo sh -c "echo 'deb http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/kubic:/libcontainers:/stable/xUbuntu_${VERSION_ID}/ /' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/devel:kubic:libcontainers:stable.list"
$ wget -nv https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:kubic:libcontainers:stable/xUbuntu_${VERSION_ID}/Release.key -O- | sudo apt-key add -
Output :
rapik@worker2:~$ sudo sh -c "echo 'deb http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/kubic:/libcontainers:/stable/xUbuntu_${VERSION_ID}/ /' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/devel:kubic:libcontainers:stable.list"
[sudo] password for rapik:
rapik@worker2:~$ wget -nv https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:kubic:libcontainers:stable/xUbuntu_${VERSION_ID}/Release.key -O- | sudo apt-key add -
2021-10-27 20:49:16 URL:https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/kubic:/libcontainers:/stable/xUbuntu_20.04/Release.key [1093/1093] -> "-" [1]
OK
3. Install Podman On Ubuntu 20.04
Once the repository is added, we will install Podman by submitting command line :
$ sudo apt update $ sudo apt-get install podman
Output :
rapik@worker2:~$ sudo apt update rapik@worker2:~$ sudo apt-get install podman Selecting previously unselected package libfuse3-3:amd64. (Reading database ... 142628 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../libfuse3-3_3.9.0-2_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libfuse3-3:amd64 (3.9.0-2) ... dpkg: fuse: dependency problems, but removing anyway as you requested: xdg-desktop-portal depends on fuse; however: Package fuse is to be removed. open-vm-tools-desktop depends on fuse. ntfs-3g depends on fuse. gvfs-fuse depends on fuse. (Reading database ... 142636 files and directories currently installed.) Removing fuse (2.9.9-3) ... update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Selecting previously unselected package fuse3. (Reading database ... 142626 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../00-fuse3_3.9.0-2_amd64.deb ... Unpacking fuse3 (3.9.0-2) ... Selecting previously unselected package catatonit. Preparing to unpack .../01-catatonit_0.1.5~1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking catatonit (0.1.5~1) ... Selecting previously unselected package conmon. Preparing to unpack .../02-conmon_100%3a2.0.30-2_amd64.deb ... Unpacking conmon (100:2.0.30-2) ... Selecting previously unselected package containers-common. Preparing to unpack .../03-containers-common_100%3a1-21_all.deb ... Unpacking containers-common (100:1-21) ... Selecting previously unselected package libnet1:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../04-libnet1_1.1.6+dfsg-3.1build1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libnet1:amd64 (1.1.6+dfsg-3.1build1) ... Selecting previously unselected package libprotobuf-c1:amd64. Preparing to unpack .../05-libprotobuf-c1_1.3.3-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libprotobuf-c1:amd64 (1.3.3-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package criu. Preparing to unpack .../06-criu_3.16.1-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking criu (3.16.1-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package crun. Preparing to unpack .../07-crun_100%3a1.2-2_amd64.deb ... Unpacking crun (100:1.2-2) ... Selecting previously unselected package fuse-overlayfs. Preparing to unpack .../08-fuse-overlayfs_100%3a1.5.0-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking fuse-overlayfs (100:1.5.0-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package podman-plugins. Preparing to unpack .../09-podman-plugins_100%3a1.2.0-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking podman-plugins (100:1.2.0-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package podman-machine-cni. Preparing to unpack .../10-podman-machine-cni_100%3a0.0.0-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking podman-machine-cni (100:0.0.0-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package podman. Preparing to unpack .../11-podman_100%3a3.3.1-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking podman (100:3.3.1-1) ... Selecting previously unselected package slirp4netns. Preparing to unpack .../12-slirp4netns_100%3a1.1.8-3_amd64.deb ... Unpacking slirp4netns (100:1.1.8-3) ... Selecting previously unselected package uidmap. Preparing to unpack .../13-uidmap_1%3a4.8.1-1ubuntu5.20.04.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking uidmap (1:4.8.1-1ubuntu5.20.04.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package containernetworking-plugins. Preparing to unpack .../14-containernetworking-plugins_100%3a1.0.0-1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking containernetworking-plugins (100:1.0.0-1) ... Setting up slirp4netns (100:1.1.8-3) ... Setting up uidmap (1:4.8.1-1ubuntu5.20.04.1) ... Setting up libnet1:amd64 (1.1.6+dfsg-3.1build1) ... Setting up libprotobuf-c1:amd64 (1.3.3-1) ... Setting up podman-machine-cni (100:0.0.0-1) ... Setting up conmon (100:2.0.30-2) ... Setting up containernetworking-plugins (100:1.0.0-1) ... Setting up catatonit (0.1.5~1) ... Setting up containers-common (100:1-21) ... Setting up podman-plugins (100:1.2.0-1) ... Setting up libfuse3-3:amd64 (3.9.0-2) ... Setting up criu (3.16.1-1) ... Setting up crun (100:1.2-2) ... Setting up podman (100:3.3.1-1) ... Setting up fuse3 (3.9.0-2) ... Installing new version of config file /etc/fuse.conf ... update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Setting up fuse-overlayfs (100:1.5.0-1) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ... Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.136ubuntu6) ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-26-generic
4. Verify Podman Installation
Until this step, the Podman installation is completed done. Then we will verify it by querying its version and and other information. We will use following command line :
$ sudo podman --version $ sudo podman info
Output :
rapik@worker2:~$ sudo podman --version
podman version 3.3.1
rapik@worker2:~$ sudo podman info
host:
arch: amd64
buildahVersion: 1.22.3
cgroupControllers:
- cpuset
- cpu
- cpuacct
- blkio
- memory
- devices
- freezer
- net_cls
- perf_event
- net_prio
- hugetlb
- pids
- rdma
cgroupManager: systemd
cgroupVersion: v1
conmon:
package: 'conmon: /usr/libexec/podman/conmon'
path: /usr/libexec/podman/conmon
version: 'conmon version 2.0.30, commit: '
cpus: 2
distribution:
distribution: ubuntu
version: "20.04"
eventLogger: journald
hostname: worker2.otodiginet.com
idMappings:
gidmap: null
uidmap: null
kernel: 5.4.0-26-generic
linkmode: dynamic
memFree: 5036441600
memTotal: 8319868928
ociRuntime:
name: crun
package: 'crun: /usr/bin/crun'
path: /usr/bin/crun
version: |-
crun version UNKNOWN
commit: ea1fe3938eefa14eb707f1d22adff4db670645d6
spec: 1.0.0
+SYSTEMD +SELINUX +APPARMOR +CAP +SECCOMP +EBPF +CRIU +YAJL
os: linux
remoteSocket:
path: /run/podman/podman.sock
security:
apparmorEnabled: true
capabilities: CAP_CHOWN,CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE,CAP_FOWNER,CAP_FSETID,CAP_KILL,CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE,CAP_SETFCAP,CAP_SETGID,CAP_SETPCAP,CAP_SETUID,CAP_SYS_CHROOT
rootless: false
seccompEnabled: true
seccompProfilePath: /usr/share/containers/seccomp.json
selinuxEnabled: false
serviceIsRemote: false
slirp4netns:
executable: /usr/bin/slirp4netns
package: 'slirp4netns: /usr/bin/slirp4netns'
version: |-
slirp4netns version 1.1.8
commit: unknown
libslirp: 4.3.1-git
SLIRP_CONFIG_VERSION_MAX: 3
libseccomp: 2.4.3
swapFree: 968105984
swapTotal: 968105984
uptime: 53m 43.76s
registries:
search:
- docker.io
- quay.io
store:
configFile: /etc/containers/storage.conf
containerStore:
number: 0
paused: 0
running: 0
stopped: 0
graphDriverName: overlay
graphOptions:
overlay.mountopt: nodev,metacopy=on
graphRoot: /var/lib/containers/storage
graphStatus:
Backing Filesystem: extfs
Native Overlay Diff: "false"
Supports d_type: "true"
Using metacopy: "true"
imageStore:
number: 0
runRoot: /run/containers/storage
volumePath: /var/lib/containers/storage/volumes
version:
APIVersion: 3.3.1
Built: 0
BuiltTime: Wed Dec 31 16:00:00 1969
GitCommit: ""
GoVersion: go1.16.6
OsArch: linux/amd64
Version: 3.3.1
5. Using Podman (Example)
In this stage, we will try to use podman by pulling any applications to run on Podman. On this example we will run mariadb on podman. For this purpose, we will do following command lines :
$ podman search mariadb $ sudo podman pull mariadb $ sudo podman images $ sudo podman ps -a
Output :
rapik@worker2:~$ podman search mariadb INDEX NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED docker.io docker.io/library/mariadb MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou... 4413 [OK] docker.io docker.io/linuxserver/mariadb A Mariadb container, brought to you by Linux... 257 docker.io docker.io/webhippie/mariadb Docker image for mariadb 23 [OK] docker.io docker.io/centos/mariadb-101-centos7 MariaDB 10.1 SQL database server 12 docker.io docker.io/wodby/mariadb Alpine-based MariaDB container image with or... 6 [OK] docker.io docker.io/mariadb/server MariaDB Server is a modern database for mode... 39 [OK] docker.io docker.io/ansibleplaybookbundle/mariadb-apb An APB which deploys RHSCL MariaDB 0 [OK] docker.io docker.io/jc21/mariadb-aria Extension of the mariadb image that forces a... 16 docker.io docker.io/centos/mariadb-102-centos7 MariaDB 10.2 SQL database server 6 docker.io docker.io/kitpages/mariadb-galera MariaDB with Galera 2 [OK] docker.io docker.io/mariadb/maxscale MariaDB MaxScale - The world's most advanced... 16 [OK] docker.io docker.io/colinmollenhour/mariadb-galera-swarm MariaDb w/ Galera Cluster, DNS-based service... 34 [OK] docker.io docker.io/centos/mariadb-103-centos7 MariaDB 10.3 SQL database server 1 docker.io docker.io/lsioarmhf/mariadb ARMHF based Linuxserver.io image of mariadb 17 docker.io docker.io/rightctrl/mariadb Mariadb with Galera support 2 [OK] docker.io docker.io/jelastic/mariadb An image of the MariaDB SQL database server ... 0 docker.io docker.io/clearlinux/mariadb MariaDB relational database management syste... 3 [OK] docker.io docker.io/panubo/mariadb-galera MariaDB Galera Cluster 22 [OK] docker.io docker.io/bianjp/mariadb-alpine Lightweight MariaDB docker image with Alpine... 15 [OK] docker.io docker.io/toughiq/mariadb-cluster Dockerized Automated MariaDB Galera Cluster ... 41 [OK] docker.io docker.io/demyx/mariadb Non-root Docker image running Alpine Linux a... 0 docker.io docker.io/arm64v8/mariadb MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou... 19 docker.io docker.io/tiredofit/mariadb Docker MariaDB server w/ S6 Overlay, Zabbix ... 2 [OK] docker.io docker.io/ccitest/mariadb CircleCI test images for MariaDB 0 [OK] docker.io docker.io/jonbaldie/mariadb Fast, simple, and lightweight MariaDB Docker... 2 [OK] quay.io quay.io/bitnami/mariadb Official build of [Bitnami MariaDB](https://... 0 quay.io quay.io/centos7/mariadb-103-centos7 MariaDB is a multi-user, multi-threaded SQL ... 0 quay.io quay.io/openstack.kolla/centos-source-mariadb-clustercheck 0 quay.io quay.io/openstack.kolla/centos-source-mariadb-server 0 quay.io quay.io/openstack.kolla/ubuntu-source-mariadb-clustercheck 0 quay.io quay.io/openstack.kolla/ubuntu-source-mariadb-server 0 quay.io quay.io/bitnami/mariadb-galera 0 quay.io quay.io/tripleovictoria/openstack-mariadb Container image openstack-mariadb:current-tr... 0 quay.io quay.io/tripleomaster/openstack-mariadb Container image openstack-mariadb 0 quay.io quay.io/startx/mariadb 0 quay.io quay.io/koray/mariadb-operator 0 quay.io quay.io/tripleowallaby/openstack-mariadb Container image openstack-mariadb 0 quay.io quay.io/tripleotraincentos8/centos-binary-mariadb Container image centos-binary-mariadb 0 quay.io quay.io/tripleoussuri/centos-binary-mariadb Container image centos-binary-mariadb:curren... 0 quay.io quay.io/kiegroup/jboss-kie-mariadb-extension-openshift-image 0 quay.io quay.io/openstack.kolla/debian-source-mariadb-clustercheck 0 quay.io quay.io/manojdhanorkar/mariadb-operator 0 quay.io quay.io/openstack.kolla/debian-source-mariadb-server 0 quay.io quay.io/openstack.kolla/centos-binary-mariadb-clustercheck 0 quay.io quay.io/opencast/allinone # [Opencast Docker images](https://quay.io/o... 0 quay.io quay.io/openstack.kolla/centos-binary-mariadb-server 0 quay.io quay.io/linuxserver.io/mariadb 0 quay.io quay.io/tripleotrain/centos-binary-mariadb Container image centos-binary-mariadb:curren... 0 quay.io quay.io/openstack.kolla/centos-source-mariadb 0 quay.io quay.io/openstack.kolla/ubuntu-source-mariadb
rapik@worker2:~$ sudo podman pull mariadb ✔ docker.io/library/mariadb:latest Trying to pull docker.io/library/mariadb:latest... Getting image source signatures Copying blob b4cd9409b0f6 done Copying blob 5c37daf8b6b5 done Copying blob dbcda06785eb done Copying blob 034655750c88 done Copying blob f0b757a2a0f0 done Copying blob 7b1a6ab2e44d done Copying blob a34cd90f184c done Copying blob fd6cef4ce489 done Copying blob 3cb89a1550ea done Copying blob df9f153bd930 done Copying config 12e05d5da3 done Writing manifest to image destination Storing signatures 12e05d5da3c5223e9877e8eb90d68560ff66cedcb955131061d60d093a908f0c
rapik@worker2:~$ sudo podman images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE docker.io/library/mariadb latest 12e05d5da3c5 12 days ago 416 MB rapik@worker2:~$ sudo podman ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES rapik@worker2:~$ sudo podman run -d --name otomariadb docker.io/library/mariadb 6ae59b21c7352c3520a473b0b4351bccaa2dcfa0bab48b986cf878fee1bbd5fe rapik@worker2:~$ sudo podman ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 6ae59b21c735 docker.io/library/mariadb:latest mysqld 7 seconds ago Exited (1) 6 seconds ago otomariadb rapik@worker2:~$
Conclusion
On this tutorial we have learnt how to install Podman on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS operating system successfully.
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