In this short tutorial we will learn how to install Composer on Ubuntu 22.04. PHP Composer is a powerful and essential tool for managing dependencies in PHP applications.
Introduction
PHP Composer is a powerful and essential tool for managing dependencies in PHP applications. It simplifies the process of installing and updating external libraries, packages, and frameworks, making it an indispensable part of modern PHP development. In this article, we’ll delve into the world of PHP Composer, exploring its core concepts, how to get started, and some best practices for effectively managing your project’s dependencies.
What is PHP Composer?
PHP Composer is a dependency management tool for PHP, enabling developers to declare the libraries, packages, and frameworks their projects depend on and then easily install and update these dependencies. Composer is often compared to other package managers like npm for Node.js or pip for Python, as it serves a similar purpose.
Core Concepts
Before diving into Composer, let’s familiarize ourselves with some core concepts:
- Packages: Packages are the fundamental units of code that Composer manages. A package can be a library, framework, or any codebase that you want to include in your project.
- Composer.json: This JSON file serves as the heart of your project’s configuration. It defines all your project’s dependencies, including the packages you need and their versions.
- Composer.lock: This file stores the specific version of each package that your project uses. It ensures that everyone working on your project has consistent dependencies, eliminating compatibility issues.
How To Install PHP Composer on Ubuntu 22.04
Installing PHP Composer on Ubuntu 22.04 will be consist of several steps, namely :
Step 1: Install PHP and Additional Dependencies
– Update the package manager cache by running
– Install required packages
Step 2: Download and Install Composer
Step 1: Install PHP and Additional Dependencies
To install Composer dependencies on an Ubuntu 22.04 system, specifically the php-cli and unzip packages. We can use the following commands to install these dependencies:
Update the package manager cache by running
$ sudo apt update
Install Required Packages
To install required packages related to Composer, we will use the following command line:
$ sudo apt install php-cli unzip
Output :
ramansah@bckinfo:~$ sudo apt install php-cli unzip [sudo] password for ramansah: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done unzip is already the newest version (6.0-26ubuntu3.1). The following NEW packages will be installed: php-cli 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 193 not upgraded. Need to get 3.234 B of archives. After this operation, 25,6 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y Get:1 http://id.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 php-cli all 2:8.1+92ubuntu1 [3.234 B] Fetched 3.234 B in 5s (613 B/s) Selecting previously unselected package php-cli. (Reading database ... 285109 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../php-cli_2%3a8.1+92ubuntu1_all.deb ... Unpacking php-cli (2:8.1+92ubuntu1) ... Setting up php-cli (2:8.1+92ubuntu1) ... update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/php.default to provide /usr/bin/php (php) in auto mode update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/phar.default to provide /usr/bin/phar (phar) in auto mode update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/phar.phar.default to provide /usr/bin/phar.phar (phar.phar) in auto mode Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
Step 2: Download and Install Composer
To install Composer on Ubuntu 22.04, we will download it from Composer official website. The installer is written in PHP, then we will download it by using curl command and verify it with matches the SHA-384 hash for the latest installer found on the Composer Public Keys / Signatures page.
$ curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer -o /tmp/composer-setup.php $ HASH=`curl -sS https://composer.github.io/installer.sig` $ echo $HASH
Output :
ramansah@bckinfo:/tmp$ curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer -o /tmp/composer-setup.php
ramansah@bckinfo:/tmp$ HASH=`curl -sS https://composer.github.io/installer.sig`
ramansah@bckinfo:/tmp$ echo $HASH
e21205b207c3ff031906575712edab6f13eb0b361f2085f1f1237b7126d785e826a450292b6cfd1d64d92e6563bbde02
ramansah@bckinfo:/tmp$ php -r "if (hash_file('SHA384', '/tmp/composer-setup.php') === '$HASH') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); } echo PHP_EOL;"
Installer verified
We will install Composer under /usr/local/bin as a system-wide globally. For this purpose we will submit the following command line :
$ sudo php /tmp/composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer
Output :
ramansah@bckinfo:/tmp$ sudo php /tmp/composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer [sudo] password for ramansah: All settings correct for using Composer Downloading... Composer (version 2.6.5) successfully installed to: /usr/local/bin/composer Use it: php /usr/local/bin/composer
To test the Composer, we will submit the folowing command :
ramansah@bckinfo:/tmp$ composer ______ / ____/___ ____ ___ ____ ____ ________ _____ / / / __ \/ __ `__ \/ __ \/ __ \/ ___/ _ \/ ___/ / /___/ /_/ / / / / / / /_/ / /_/ (__ ) __/ / \____/\____/_/ /_/ /_/ .___/\____/____/\___/_/ /_/ Composer version 2.6.5 2023-10-06 10:11:52 Usage: command [options] [arguments] Options: -h, --help Display help for the given command. When no command is given display help for the list command -q, --quiet Do not output any message -V, --version Display this application version --ansi|--no-ansi Force (or disable --no-ansi) ANSI output -n, --no-interaction Do not ask any interactive question --profile Display timing and memory usage information --no-plugins Whether to disable plugins. --no-scripts Skips the execution of all scripts defined in composer.json file. -d, --working-dir=WORKING-DIR If specified, use the given directory as working directory. --no-cache Prevent use of the cache -v|vv|vvv, --verbose Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug Available commands: about Shows a short information about Composer archive Creates an archive of this composer package audit Checks for security vulnerability advisories for installed packages browse [home] Opens the package's repository URL or homepage in your browser bump Increases the lower limit of your composer.json requirements to the currently installed versions check-platform-reqs Check that platform requirements are satisfied clear-cache [clearcache|cc] Clears composer's internal package cache completion Dump the shell completion script config Sets config options create-project Creates new project from a package into given directory depends [why] Shows which packages cause the given package to be installed diagnose Diagnoses the system to identify common errors dump-autoload [dumpautoload] Dumps the autoloader exec Executes a vendored binary/script fund Discover how to help fund the maintenance of your dependencies global Allows running commands in the global composer dir ($COMPOSER_HOME) help Display help for a command init Creates a basic composer.json file in current directory install [i] Installs the project dependencies from the composer.lock file if present, or falls back on the composer.json licenses Shows information about licenses of dependencies list List commands outdated Shows a list of installed packages that have updates available, including their latest version prohibits [why-not] Shows which packages prevent the given package from being installed reinstall Uninstalls and reinstalls the given package names remove [rm] Removes a package from the require or require-dev require [r] Adds required packages to your composer.json and installs them run-script [run] Runs the scripts defined in composer.json search Searches for packages self-update [selfupdate] Updates composer.phar to the latest version show [info] Shows information about packages status Shows a list of locally modified packages suggests Shows package suggestions update [u|upgrade] Updates your dependencies to the latest version according to composer.json, and updates the composer.lock file validate Validates a composer.json and composer.lock
Until this step, we have installed PHP Composer successfully on Ubuntu 22.04 operating system.
Conclusion
PHP Composer is an invaluable tool for PHP developers. It simplifies the management of dependencies, making it easier to build and maintain PHP projects. By understanding the core concepts, following best practices, and integrating Composer into your workflow, you can streamline the process of working with PHP packages and ensure the stability and scalability of your applications. Whether you’re developing a small website or a complex web application, Composer is a must-have tool in your PHP development toolkit.
